100 специализированных терминов и фраз, используемых в переработке пластмасс – твердые и мягкие пластики

Plastics Recycling Glossary – 100 Key Terms Explained

Plastics recycling plays a crucial role in the circular economy, helping to reduce waste and recover valuable materials. From mechanical and chemical recycling to quality control and regulatory standards, understanding industry-specific terminology is essential for manufacturers, engineers, and sustainability professionals.

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Below, you'll find 100 specialized terms covering the recycling of both rigid and flexible plastics, including films, injection-molded products, and other plastic waste streams. Each of these terms is explained in detail in our comprehensive glossary, helping you navigate key concepts in plastics processing, recyclate quality, and advanced recycling technologies.

📌 1–25: Types of Recycling and Basic Concepts

Mechanical recycling – The physical reprocessing of plastics into new products without altering their chemical structure.
Chemical recycling – The process of breaking down polymers into their original monomers or raw chemical components.
Feedstock recycling – A technology that converts plastic waste into chemical raw materials.
Post-industrial recycling (PIR) – Recycling of plastic waste generated during manufacturing processes.
Post-consumer recycling (PCR) – Processing plastic waste collected from consumers.
Downcycling – Recycling in which the material loses its original properties and quality.
Upcycling – Creating higher-value products from recycled materials.
Closed-loop recycling – A recycling system that allows materials to be reused multiple times in the same product cycle.
Open-loop recycling – Recycling where the material is transformed into a product with a different application.
Design for Recycling (DfR) – Designing products to make them easier to recycle.
Granulation – The process of grinding and reforming plastics into granules.
Waste aggregation – The collection of plastic waste into designated categories for processing.
Waste fractionation – Separating different types of waste based on physical and chemical properties.
Waste sorting – The process of separating PE, PP, PET films, etc., before recycling.
Electrostatic separation – A technology that separates plastics based on their electrostatic properties.
Pyrolysis – The thermal decomposition of polymers in the absence of oxygen.
Depolymerization – The process of breaking polymers down into monomers.
Hygroscopicity – The ability of a material to absorb moisture, which is crucial in film recycling.
Ash content – The amount of inorganic residue left after burning plastic film.
Recyclate contaminants – Unwanted substances in recycled material.
Recyclate quality – The degree of purity and mechanical properties of recovered plastic.
Recycled HDPE (rHDPE) – Reprocessed high-density polyethylene.
Recycled LDPE (rLDPE) – Reprocessed low-density polyethylene.
Recycled PP (rPP) – Reprocessed polypropylene.
Recycled PET (rPET) – Reprocessed polyethylene terephthalate.

📌 26–50: Film Recycling Technologies and Processes

Film shredding – The process of cutting waste films into smaller pieces.
Recyclate washing – Removing contaminants from plastic waste.
Flotation separation – A method of separating clean polymers from contaminants based on density.
Material drying – Removing moisture from recyclates before processing.
Regranulate extrusion – Extruding recycled plastic to form reusable pellets.
Melt Flow Index of recyclate (MFI) – A test measuring the viscosity of recycled plastic.
Co-extrusion with recyclate – Using recycled material in multilayer film production.
Melt filtration – Filtering out impurities from the molten polymer.
Thermal stabilization of recyclate – Enhancing heat resistance of recycled materials.
UV stabilizers in recyclates – Improving resistance to UV degradation in recycled films.
Compatibilizers – Additives that improve the blending of different polymers.
Impact modifiers for recyclates – Enhancing mechanical strength in recycled plastics.
Mineral fillers – Additives used to improve the properties of recyclates.
Low-temperature pyrolysis – A method of recovering energy from plastics at lower temperatures.
Melt Flow Index testing – Evaluating the processability of recycled plastic.
Recyclate compatibility – The ability of recycled plastics to blend and perform effectively in manufacturing.
HDPE film recycling – Processing HDPE into flexible films.
LDPE bag recycling – Converting LDPE waste into garbage bags.
Flexible packaging recycling – Technologies used to recover flexible packaging materials.
Barrier films with recyclate – Producing multilayer films with recycled components.
Agglomeration process – Compacting waste film into denser granules for further processing.
Film cleaning technologies – Methods for removing contaminants from used plastic film.
Recyclate discoloration factor – The degree of color change in recycled plastics.
Hot granulation – A process for producing high-quality regranulates.
Optical sorting systems – Advanced machines that sort plastics based on optical characteristics.

📌 51–75: Recyclate Properties and Their Impact on Film Quality

Dimensional stability of recyclate – How recycled material maintains its shape during processing.
Recyclate degradation resistance – The ability of recycled plastic to resist breakdown over time.
Recyclate odor – The presence of unwanted smells in recycled plastics, often from post-consumer waste.
Transparency of recycled film – How recyclate affects film clarity.
Recyclate color consistency – The impact of sorting quality on uniformity of color in recyclates.
UV resistance of recyclate – How recycled plastics withstand UV exposure.
Crystalline structure in recyclate – The effect of crystallization on processing and strength.
Mechanical stress resistance – The ability of recyclates to endure mechanical loads.
Seal strength of recycled film – The impact of recycled material quality on heat-sealed packaging.
Volatile content in recyclate – Determines thermal stability.
Moisture content in recyclate – Excess moisture affects extrusion performance.
Thermal stability of recycled film – The ability of films made from recyclates to withstand heat.
Elongation at break in recycled film – The flexibility of film made from recycled plastic.
Printability on recycled film – Challenges in achieving high-quality printing on recycled surfaces.
Barrier properties of recyclate – How recycled content affects protective properties of films.
Electrical resistivity of recyclate – Important for specialized applications.
Machinability of recyclate – How well recycled plastics process in manufacturing.
COF of recycled film – The coefficient of friction in films containing recyclates.
Surface smoothness of recyclate – How surface properties affect final product quality.
Abrasion resistance of recycled film – Durability of recycled films in practical applications.
Adhesion strength of recycled film – The bond strength of multilayer recycled films.
Directional mechanical properties – Variations in mechanical behavior based on orientation.
Thermal shrinkage of recycled film – An important factor in shrink films.
Creep resistance – The tendency of recycled plastic to maintain shape under load.
Stress cracking resistance of recycled film – The ability to resist stress-induced fractures.

📌 76–100: Applications and Legal Regulations

Food-grade film recycling – Requirements for recycling plastics in food-contact applications.
Safety of recycled films – Standards recycled films must meet.
Limitations of recyclates in film production – Cases where recycled plastic cannot be used.
Food contact approval for recycled plastics – Certifications governing recycled plastic use.
Garbage bag recycling – The process of converting waste plastic into trash bags.
Biodegradable films vs. recycling – Challenges with compostable plastics in recycling streams.
Minimum recycled content requirements – Legal mandates on recycled content percentages.
EU regulation on plastic recycling – European standards for plastics recycling.
Mandatory labeling of recyclates – Systems for identifying recycled content.
Eco-design for film recycling – Strategies to reduce waste and improve recyclability.
Stretch film recycling – Processing stretch film for reuse.
Shrink film recycling – Recycling technology for shrink films.
Use of recyclates in industrial films – Sectors utilizing recycled plastic in production.
Future of film recycling – Upcoming innovations and trends.
Carbon footprint calculation for recyclates – Measuring environmental impact.
Water footprint of recycled plastics – Water consumption in plastic recycling.
Impact of film recycling on circular economy – How recycling contributes to sustainability.
Bioplastics vs. recycling – Issues mixing biopolymers with traditional recyclates.
Recyclate certification standards – Quality certifications for recycled plastics.
Packaging film recycling – Recycling technologies for packaging materials.
Analysis methods for recyclate composition – Determining the content of recycled plastics.
Separation of multilayer films – Extracting PET, PE, EVOH layers.
Effect of contaminants on recyclate quality – How impurities affect recycled plastic.
Legal perspectives on film recycling – Regulatory trends shaping recycling.
Recycling of reusable plastic packaging – Processing durable packaging solutions.

👉 All these topics will be covered in detail in our course. Enroll today!

✅ During the training, each of the following terms will be thoroughly explained, both theoretically and practically. Participants will see examples through images, videos, and animations, and will hear detailed explanations from the instructor. This ensures that even complex technical terms become understandable and easy to apply in daily work.

👉 Complete course details and registration link available here!